Cognitive impairment and Parkinson's disease dementia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6016/ZdravVestn.3003Keywords:
Parkinson's disease, cognitive decline, neurodegenerative diseases, cognitive abilitiesAbstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system which presents itself with motor and non-motor signs. Motor signs include tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia, while the most common non-motor sign is cognitive decline.
The results of longitudinal studies show that 80% of patients exhibiting cognitive decline progress to dementia (PDD). The impact of PDD on life is severe. If we recognise cognitive decline early enough, PDD can be slowed down, thereby improving the quality of life.
The review article summarises the most common causes of cognitive decline, describes the impact of heredity and presents a typical clinical picture. Several cognitive tests may be used to detect cognitive impairment, e.g. Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Test Your Memory (TYM). The article concludes with an outline of possible symptomatic treatments using available drugs as well as prospective approaches which are still in clinical trials.
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