Tehnike reanimacije obraza glede na trajanje pareze obraznega živca
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6016/ZdravVestn.2617Ključne besede:
obrazni živec, pareza, rekonstrukcija, reanimacija obraza, plastična kirurgijaPovzetek
Pareza obraznega živca ima lahko za bolnika hude posledice, ki se kažejo kot iznakaženost obraza, in funkcionalne motnje, ki kot take vplivajo tudi na duševno zdravje. Zdravljenje pareze je odvisno od vzroka zanjo. Ob ugotovitvi, da je pareza dokončna in izboljšanja ni pričakovati, se v plastični in rekonstruktivni kirurgiji poslužujemo različnih tehnik reanimacije obraza.
Za katere posege se bomo odločili, je ključnega pomena obdobje trajanja pareze, ki ga delimo na akutno, intermediarno in kronično. Glede na ta podatek se odločamo, kateri rekonstruktivni poseg je za bolnika najbolj primeren in pri katerem lahko pričakujemo najboljši rezultat. V članku so tehnike reanimacije za vsako obdobje natančno opisane.
Pri nas je bilo v obdobju med letoma 2008 in 2017 na Kliničnem oddelku za plastično, rekonstruktivno in estetsko kirurgijo in opekline UKC Ljubljana zaradi pareze obraznega živca obravnavanih 66 bolnikov, pri katerih so bili opravljeni opisani posegi. V članku je tudi predstavljena naša dosedanja statistika.
Poleg pravilne izbire in izvedbe kirurškega posega je pri parezi obraznega živca potrebno poudariti predvsem pomembnost zgodnje prepoznave in napotitve bolnikov v usmerjene specialistične centre, kjer so deležni individualne in celostne obravnave.
Prenosi
Literatura
Ishii L, Dey J, Boahene KD, Byrne PJ, Ishii M. The social distraction of facial paralysis: objective measurement of social attention using eye-tracking. Laryngoscope. 2016 Feb;126(2):334–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.25324 PMID:26608714
Murthy JM, Saxena AB. Bell’s palsy: treatment guidelines. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2011 Jul;14(5 Suppl 1):S70–2. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-2327.83092 PMID:21847333
Lee V, Currie Z, Collin JR. Ophthalmic management of facial nerve palsy. Eye (Lond). 2004 Dec;18(12):1225–34. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.eye.6701383 PMID:15094735
Ciorba A, Corazzi V, Conz V, Bianchini C, Aimoni C. Facial nerve paralysis in children. World J Clin Cases. 2015 Dec;3(12):973–9. https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v3.i12.973PMID:26677445
Mehta RP. Surgical treatment of facial paralysis. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2009 Mar;2(1):1–5. https://doi.org/10.3342/ceo.2009.2.1.1 PMID:19434284
Ahuja RB, Chatterjee P. Contemporary Solutions for the Treatment of Facial Nerve Paralysis. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016 Feb;137(2):482e–3e. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.prs.0000475813.43036.fe PMID:26818345
Kim J, Moon I, Shim D, Lee W. The Effect of Surgical Timing on Functional Outcomes of Traumatic Facial Nerve Paralysis. J Trauma Inj Infect Crit Care. 2009;•••:1. https://doi.org/10.1097/TA.0b013e3181a8b2d9.
Xu P, Jin A, Dai B, Li R, Li Y. Surgical timing for facial paralysis after temporal bone trauma. Am J Otolaryngol. 2017 May - Jun;38(3):269–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjoto.2017.01.002 PMID:28302380
Gordin E, Lee T, Arnaoutakis D, Ducic Y. Facial Nerve Trauma: Evaluation and Considerations in Management. Craniomaxillofacial Trauma and Reconstruction. 2014;08(01):001-013.
Ramina R, de Aguiar P, Tatagiba M. Samii's Essentials in Neurosurgery. 1st ed.
Catli T, Bayazit YA, Gokdogan O, Goksu N. Facial reanimation with end-to-end hypoglossofacial anastomosis: 20 years’ experience. J Laryngol Otol. 2010 Jan;124(1):23–5. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022215109991344 PMID:19785928
Mohamed A, Omi E, Honda K, Suzuki S, Ishikawa K. Outcome of different facial nerve reconstruction techniques. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Nov - Dec;82(6):702–9. PMID:27222117
Han JH, Suh MJ, Kim JW, Cho HS, Moon IS. Facial reanimation using hypoglossal-facial nerve anastomosis after schwannoma removal. Acta Otolaryngol. 2017 Jan;137(1):99–105. https://doi.org/10.1080/00016489.2016.1212398 PMID:27684271
Volk GF, Pantel M, Guntinas-Lichius O. Modern concepts in facial nerve reconstruction. Head Face Med. 2010 Nov;6(1):25. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-160X-6-25 PMID:21040532
Beutner D, Luers J, Grosheva M. Hypoglossal-facial-jump-anastomosis without an interposition nerve graft. The Laryngoscope. 2013;:n/a-n/a. https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.24115.
Okochi M, Ueda K, Okochi H, Asai E, Sakaba T, Kajikawa A. Facial reanimation using hypoglossal-facial neurorrhaphy with end-to-side coaptation between the jump interpositional nerve graft and hypoglossal nerve: outcome and duration of preoperative paralysis. Microsurgery. 2016 Sep;36(6):460–6. https://doi.org/10.1002/micr.22393 PMID:26316293
May M, Sobol SM, Mester SJ. Hypoglossal-facial nerve interpositional-jump graft for facial reanimation without tongue atrophy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1991 Jun;104(6):818–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/019459989110400609 PMID:1908974
Klebuc MJ. Facial reanimation using the masseter-to-facial nerve transfer. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011 May;127(5):1909–15. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e31820e9138PMID:21532419
Hontanilla B, Cabello A. Spontaneity of smile after facial paralysis rehabilitation when using a non-facial donor nerve. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2016 Sep;44(9):1305–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcms.2016.06.031 PMID:27460946
Wang W, Yang C, Li Q, Li W, Yang X, Zhang YX. Masseter-to-facial nerve transfer: a highly effective technique for facial reanimation after acoustic neuroma resection. Ann Plast Surg. 2014 Sep;73 Suppl 1:S63–9. https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0000000000000246PMID:25115378
Klebuc M. The evolving role of the masseter-to-facial (V-VII) nerve transfer for rehabilitation of the paralyzed face. Ann Chir Plast Esthet. 2015 Oct;60(5):436–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anplas.2015.08.003 PMID:26364136
Buendia J, Loayza FR, Luis EO, Celorrio M, Pastor MA, Hontanilla B. Functional and anatomical basis for brain plasticity in facial palsy rehabilitation using the masseteric nerve. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2016 Mar;69(3):417–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2015.10.033 PMID:26683008
Yoleri L, Songür E, Mavioğlu H, Yoleri O. Cross-facial nerve grafting as an adjunct to hypoglossal-facial nerve crossover in reanimation of early facial paralysis: clinical and electrophysiological evaluation. Ann Plast Surg. 2001 Mar;46(3):301–7. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000637-200103000-00017 PMID:11293524
Terzis JK, Tzafetta K. The “babysitter” procedure: minihypoglossal to facial nerve transfer and cross-facial nerve grafting. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009 Mar;123(3):865–76. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0b013e31819ba4bb PMID:19319050
Leckenby J, Grobbelaar A. Smile restoration for permanent facial paralysis. Arch Plast Surg. 2013 Sep;40(5):633–8. https://doi.org/10.5999/aps.2013.40.5.633 PMID:24086823
Manktelow R, Zuker R. Cross-facial nerve graft—the long and short graft: the first stage for microneurovascular muscle transfer. Operative Techniques in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 1999;6(3):174–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1071-0949(99)80030-4.
Ahuja RB, Chatterjee P, Gupta R, Shrivastava P, Gupta GK. A new paradigm in facial reanimation for long-standing palsies? Indian J Plast Surg. 2015 Jan-Apr;48(1):30–7. https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-0358.155265 PMID:25991883
Aum JH, Kang DH, Oh SA, Gu JH. Orthodromic transfer of the temporalis muscle in incomplete facial nerve palsy. Arch Plast Surg. 2013 Jul;40(4):348–52. https://doi.org/10.5999/aps.2013.40.4.348 PMID:23898430
Guerreschi P, Labbe D. Lengthening temporalis myoplasty: a surgical tool for dynamic labial commissure reanimation. Facial Plast Surg. 2015 Apr;31(2):123–7. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1549039 PMID:25958897
Bos R, Reddy SG, Mommaerts MY. Lengthening temporalis myoplasty versus free muscle transfer with the gracilis flap for long-standing facial paralysis: A systematic review of outcomes. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2016 Aug;44(8):940–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcms.2016.05.006 PMID:27364924
Croxson GR, Quinn MJ, Coulson SE. Temporalis muscle transfer for facial paralysis: a further refinement. Facial Plast Surg. 2000;16(4):351–6. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2000-15544PMID:11460301
Byrne PJ, Kim M, Boahene K, Millar J, Moe K. Temporalis tendon transfer as part of a comprehensive approach to facial reanimation. Arch Facial Plast Surg. 2007 Jul-Aug;9(4):234–41. https://doi.org/10.1001/archfaci.9.4.234 PMID:17638756
Harris BN, Tollefson TT. Facial reanimation: evolving from static procedures to free tissue transfer in head and neck surgery. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2015 Oct;23(5):399–406. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOO.0000000000000193 PMID:26339971
Sachs ME, Conley J. Intraoral masseter muscle transposition: use with reconstruction of regional facial paralysis. Arch Otolaryngol. 1982 Jul;108(7):397–400. Available from: http://jamanetwork.com/searchresults?author=John+Conley&q=John+Conleyhttps://doi.org/10.1001/archotol.1982.00790550001001 PMID:7092680
Zuker RM. Facial paralysis and the role of free muscle transplantation. Ann Chir Plast Esthet. 2015 Oct;60(5):420–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anplas.2015.06.001 PMID:26143046
Rozen SM. Facial Reanimation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2017 Feb;139(2):469–71. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000003025 PMID:28121890
Rozen SM. Facial Reanimation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2017 Mar;139(3):725–7. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000003128 PMID:28234855
Cardenas-Mejia A, Covarrubias-Ramirez JV, Bello-Margolis A, Rozen S. Double innervated free functional muscle transfer for facial reanimation. J Plast Surg Hand Surg. 2015 Jun;49(3):183–8. https://doi.org/10.3109/2000656X.2014.988218 PMID:25469588
Biglioli F. Facial reanimations: part II—long-standing paralyses. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015 Dec;53(10):907–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjoms.2015.07.001 PMID:26194145
Ibrahim AM, Rabie AN, Kim PS, Medina M, Upton J, Lee BT, et al. Static treatment modalities in facial paralysis: a review. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2013 May;29(4):223–32. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1333317 PMID:23303519
Tzou CH, Chuang DC, Chen HH. Facial paralysis grading system: a new and simple smile excursion score for evaluating facial reanimation surgery. Ann Plast Surg. 2015 Feb;74(2):210–3. https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e318295dec2 PMID:23872963
Božikov K. Sodobne rekonstrukcije za reanimacijo obraza po parezi obraznega živca. Med Razgl. 2016;55(2):213–8.
Albathi M, Oyer S, Ishii LE, Byrne P, Ishii M, Boahene KO. Early Nerve Grafting for Facial Paralysis After Cerebellopontine Angle Tumor Resection With Preserved Facial Nerve Continuity. JAMA Facial Plast Surg. 2016 Jan-Feb;18(1):54–60. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamafacial.2015.1558 PMID:26584060
Socolovsky M, Martins RS, di Masi G, Bonilla G, Siqueira M. Treatment of complete facial palsy in adults: comparative study between direct hemihypoglossal-facial neurorrhaphy, hemihipoglossal-facial neurorrhaphy with grafts, and masseter to facial nerve transfer. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2016 May;158(5):945–57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-016-2767-7PMID:26979182
Solomou A, Durnin L, Rea P. Platysma as a Candidate for Facial Reanimation. Joint Meeting of the Anatomical Society and British Association of Clinical Anatomists, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK, 19-21 Jul 2016.
Hembd A, Nagarkar PA, Saba S, Wan D, Kutz JW, Isaacson B, et al. Facial Nerve Axonal Analysis and Anatomical Localization in Donor Nerve: Optimizing Axonal Load for Cross-Facial Nerve Grafting in Facial Reanimation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2017 Jan;139(1):177–83. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000002897 PMID:27632395
Abbas OL, Borman H, Uysal ÇA, Gönen ZB, Aydin L, Helvacioğlu F, et al. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Enhance Axonal Regeneration through Cross-Facial Nerve Grafting in a Rat Model of Facial Paralysis. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016 Aug;138(2):387–96. https://doi.org/10.1097/PRS.0000000000002351 PMID:27465163.
Objavljeno
Številka
Rubrika
Licenca
Avtor na prispevku, ki ga bo pripravil za Zdravniški vestnik, po pogodbi nanj prenaša vse materialne avtorske pravice, kakor izhajajo iz 22. člena Zakona o avtorski in sorodnih pravicah, in sicer pravico reproduciranja, pravico javnega izvajanja, pravico javnega prenašanja, pravico javnega predvajanja s fonogrami in videogrami, pravico javnega prikazovanja, pravico radiodifuznega oddajanja, pravico radiodifuzne retransmisije, pravico sekundarnega radiodifuznega oddajanja, pravico dajanja na voljo javnosti, pravico predelave, pravico avdiovizualne priredbe, pravico distribuiranja ter pravico dajanja v najem in vse druge pravice avtorja v skladu z ZASP.
Avtorjev prenos pravic po pogodbi je neizključen, velja za neomejeno število izdaj, za ves čas trajanja materialnih avtorskih pravic ter je prostorsko neomejen.
Avtor sme avtorsko delo tudi sam izkoriščati ali avtorske pravice prenašati na tretje osebe, vendar oboje šele po preteku 3 mesecev od prve objave dela v reviji Zdravniški vestnik.
Avtor Zdravniškemu vestniku izrecno dovoli, da lahko pravice, pridobljene v skladu s pogodbo prenaša naprej na tretje osebe brez omejitev.
Avtor se strinja, da Zdravniški vestnik prispevek objavi pod pogoji licence Creative Commons BY-NC 4.0 (navedba avtorstva-nekomercialno) ali primerljive licence.
